LinguasphereAtlas of the world’s languages

The Register

What the Linguasphere Register is

A single numbered frame that tries to hold every spoken language on the planet — and a way of writing down where each one sits.

The Linguasphere Register of the World’s Languages and Speech Communities is a classification published by the Observatoire linguistique. Instead of a flat list of language names it builds an address system: the whole of human speech is cut into ten sectors, each sector into ten zones, and each zone into progressively tighter groupings down to the individual variety.

That produces a code — the linguascale — which can be read like a postal address. 53-AAA-eab is not a label stuck on Russian; it is a route to it, through the Slavic zone, the Russian net and the Russian outer language.

This site publishes that frame in a form you can walk through. Every zone opens into the sets, chains, nets and languages recorded under it, every entry carries its code, and the countries the Register attaches to an entry each have a page of their own.

The eight levels, in order

LevelWhat it isExample codeExample entry
SectorOne of ten top divisions of the whole linguasphere. Five are phylosectors (grouped by descent), five are geosectors (grouped by region).0=AFRICA
ZoneTen zones inside each sector, numbered 00 to 99 across the whole scale.00=MANDIC
SetThe first grouping inside a zone, marked by a single capital letter.00-AMANDINKA + MENDE
ChainA closer grouping inside a set, marked by two capitals.00-AAMANDINKA + SOSO
NetThe tightest grouping of related languages, marked by three capitals.00-AAAMANDINKA + BAMANAN
Outer languageWhat most people would simply call a language, marked by a small letter.00-AAA-aMandinka + Khasonka
Inner languageA variety inside an outer language — often a dialect in everyday speech.00-AAA-aamandinka-kango
VarietyA named form of an inner language: a written standard, a register, a period.53-AAA-eabrusskiy-F

Read on

How the linguascale worksNotation

Digit by digit and letter by letter.

GlossaryRegister terms

The definitions the Register itself gives for each level.

AtlasSectors and zones

All ten sectors and all one hundred zones.

Sources and attributionAbout

Where the data comes from and how this site uses it.