The Linguasphere Register
of the world’s languages and speech communities
David Dalby
Bilingual news
Announcement
The linguasphere, a planetary cognitive system
Declaration by l’Observatoire linguistique / Linguasphere Foundation
The concept of the linguasphere & the mission of the Observatoire linguistique
Bienvenue sur Linguasphere.info
Welcome to Linguasphere.info
About this site
Linguasphere Register Online
Prologue
Chapter 1. Planet of Speech: the Conceptual Framework
Chapter 2. Guide to the Register: the Referential Framework
Appendix
Bibliography
Linguascale 2000
Index of languages
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Linguascale
0= AFRICA
2= AUSTRALASIA
4= EURASIA
6= NORTH-AMERICA
8= SOUTH-AMERICA
1= AFRO-ASIAN
3= AUSTRONESIAN
5= INDO-EUROPEAN
7= SINO-INDIAN
9= TRANSAFRICAN
Linguasphere lexicon
The linguascale
Change sector or zone
Hide sectors & zones
Geosector
0=
AFRICA
Phylozone
00=
MANDIC
Phylozone
01=
SONGHAIC
Phylozone
02=
SAHARIC
Phylozone
03=
SUDANIC
Phylozone
04=
NILOTIC
Geozone
05=
EAST-SAHEL
Phylozone
06=
KORDOFANIC
Geozone
07=
RIFT-VALLEY
Phylozone
08=
KHOISANIC
Geozone
09=
KALAHARI
Phylosector
1=
AFRO-ASIAN
Phylozone
10=
TAMAZIC
Phylozone
11=
EGYPTIC
Phylozone
12=
SEMITIC
Phylozone
13=
BEJIC
Phylozone
14=
CUSHITIC
Phylozone
15=
EYASIC
Phylozone
16=
OMOTIC
Phylozone
17=
CHARIC
Phylozone
18=
MANDARIC
Phylozone
19=
BAUCHIC
Geosector
2=
AUSTRALASIA
Geozone
20=
ARAFURA
Geozone
21=
MAMBERAMO
Phylozone
22=
MADANGIC
Phylozone
23=
OWALAMIC
Phylozone
24=
TRANSIRIANIC
Geozone
25=
CENDRAWASIH
Geozone
26=
SEPIK-VALLEY
Geozone
27=
BISMARCK-SEA
Geozone
28=
NORTH-AUSTRALIA
Geozone
29=
TRANS-AUSTRALIA
Phylosector
3=
AUSTRONESIAN
Phylozone
30=
TAIWANIC
Phylozone
31=
FILIPINIC
Phylozone
32=
BORNEO-MALAGASIC
Phylozone
33=
MALAY-JAVIC
Phylozone
34=
SULAWESIC
Phylozone
35=
FLORES-MALUKIC
Phylozone
36=
FRINGE-PACIFIC
Phylozone
37=
SOLOMO-NIUGINIC
Phylozone
38=
SOUTH-OCEANIC
Phylozone
39=
TRANSPACIFIC
Geosector
4=
EURASIA
Phylozone
40=
EUSKARIC
Phylozone
41=
URALIC
Geozone
42=
CAUCASUS
Geozone
43=
NORTH-EURASIA
Geozone
44=
CENTRAL-EURASIA
Geozone
45=
EAST-EURASIA
Geozone
46=
SOUTH-EURASIA
Phylozone
47=
DAIC
Phylozone
48=
MON-KHMERIC
Phylozone
49=
DRAVIDIC
Phylosector
5=
INDO-EUROPEAN
Phylozone
50=
CELTIC
Phylozone
51=
ROMANIC
Phylozone
52=
GERMANIC
Phylozone
53=
SLAVIC
Phylozone
54=
BALTIC
Phylozone
55=
ALBANIC
Phylozone
56=
HELLENIC
Phylozone
57=
ARMENIC
Phylozone
58=
IRANIC
Phylozone
59=
INDIC
Geosector
6=
NORTH-AMERICA
Phylozone
60=
ARCTIC
Phylozone
61=
NADENIC
Phylozone
62=
ALGIC
Phylozone
63=
IROQUOIC
Geozone
64=
MISSISSIPPI
Phylozone
65=
AZTECIC
Geozone
66=
WEST-COAST
Geozone
67=
PUEBLO-DESERT
Geozone
68=
EAST-COAST
Geozone
69=
MESO-AMERICA
Phylosector
7=
SINO-INDIAN
Phylozone
70=
TIBETIC
Phylozone
71=
HIMALAYIC
Phylozone
72=
BRAHMAPUTRIC
Phylozone
73=
KUKIC
Phylozone
74=
ARUNASHALIC
Phylozone
75=
KACHINIC
Phylozone
76=
RUNGIC
Phylozone
77=
IRRAWADDIC
Phylozone
78=
KARENIC
Phylozone
79=
SINITIC
Geosector
8=
SOUTH-AMERICA
Phylozone
80=
CARIBIC
Phylozone
81=
CHIBCHANIC
Phylozone
82=
ARAWAKIC
Phylozone
83=
QUECHUIC
Geozone
84=
ANDES
Geozone
85=
PRE-ANDES
Geozone
86=
MATO-CONO
Geozone
87=
AMAZON
Phylozone
88=
TUPIC
Geozone
89=
BAHIA
Phylosector
9=
TRANSAFRICAN
Phylozone
90=
ATLANTIC
Phylozone
91=
VOLTAIC
Phylozone
92=
ADAMAWIC
Phylozone
93=
UBANGIC
Phylozone
94=
MELIC
Phylozone
95=
KRUIC
Phylozone
96=
AFRAMIC
Phylozone
97=
DELTIC
Phylozone
98=
BENUIC
Phylozone
99=
BANTUIC
Phylosector
5=
INDO-EUROPEAN
Phylozone
52=
GERMANIC
Set
52-A.
NORSK + FRYSK
+
-
Chain
52-AA.
NORSK + SVENSKA
+
-
Net
52-AAA.
NORSK + SVENSKA
+
-
Outer-unit
52-AAA-a.
Íslensk + Føroysk
+
-
Inner-unit
52-AAA-aa.
íslensk
Inner-unit
52-AAA-ab.
føroysk
Inner-unit
52-AAA-ac.
norn
Outer-unit
52-AAA-b.
Norsk-W. + Nynorsk
+
-
Inner-unit
52-AAA-ba.
norsk-W.
Inner-unit
52-AAA-bb.
midlands-norsk
Inner-unit
52-AAA-bc.
trøndelags-norsk
Inner-unit
52-AAA-bd.
nordlands-norsk
Inner-unit
52-AAA-be.
ny-norsk
Inner-unit
52-AAA-bf.
jysk-W.*
Outer-unit
52-AAA-c.
Svenska + Dansk
+
-
Inner-unit
52-AAA-ca.
dansk-L.
Inner-unit
52-AAA-cb.
riks-dansk
Inner-unit
52-AAA-cc.
dansk-G.
Inner-unit
52-AAA-cd.
norsk-F.
Inner-unit
52-AAA-ce.
by-mål
Inner-unit
52-AAA-cf.
amerikansk-norsk
Inner-unit
52-AAA-cg.
norsk-E.
Inner-unit
52-AAA-ch.
jysk-E.
Inner-unit
52-AAA-ci.
øen-dansk
Inner-unit
52-AAA-cj.
bornholmsk
Inner-unit
52-AAA-ck.
svenska-S.
Inner-unit
52-AAA-cl.
svenska-L.
Inner-unit
52-AAA-cm.
hög-svenska
Inner-unit
52-AAA-cn.
tal-språk
Inner-unit
52-AAA-co.
bohuslänska
Inner-unit
52-AAA-cp.
götamål
Inner-unit
52-AAA-cq.
värmländska
Inner-unit
52-AAA-cr.
sveamål
Inner-unit
52-AAA-cs.
dalmål
Inner-unit
52-AAA-ct.
svenska-E.
Inner-unit
52-AAA-cu.
jämtska
Inner-unit
52-AAA-cv.
norrländska
Inner-unit
52-AAA-cw.
gotländska
Chain
52-AB.
ENGLISH + ANGLO-CREOLE
+
-
Net
52-ABA.
ENGLISH
+
-
Outer-unit
52-ABA-a.
Scots + Northumbrian
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ABA-aa.
scots
Inner-unit
52-ABA-ab.
northumbrian
Outer-unit
52-ABA-b.
Anglo-English
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ABA-ba.
transitional-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-bb.
midlands-anglo-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-bc.
southern-anglo-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-bd.
old-anglo-irish
Outer-unit
52-ABA-c.
Global-English
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ABA-ca.
standard-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-cb.
british-colloquial
Inner-unit
52-ABA-cc.
cambrian-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-cd.
hiberno-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-ce.
canadian-traditional
Inner-unit
52-ABA-cf.
northern-states-traditional
Inner-unit
52-ABA-cg.
midland-states-traditional
Inner-unit
52-ABA-ch.
southern-states-traditional
Inner-unit
52-ABA-ci.
talkin-black
Inner-unit
52-ABA-cj.
northamerican-general
Inner-unit
52-ABA-ck.
hispanic-american-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-cl.
caribbean-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-cm.
south-atlantic-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-cn.
mediterranean + west-asian-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-co.
west-african-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-cp.
east-african + indian-ocean-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-cq.
southern-african-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-cr.
euro-south-african-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-cs.
antipodean-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-ct.
oceanian-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-cu.
south-asian-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-cv.
east-asian-english
Inner-unit
52-ABA-cw.
transnational-english
Net
52-ABB.
ANGLO-CREOLE
+
-
Outer-unit
52-ABB-a.
Caribbean-Anglo-Creole
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ABB-aa.
gullah-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-ab.
ghenna-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-ac.
afro-seminole-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-ad.
belizean-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-ae.
bay-islands-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-af.
mískito-coastal-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-ag.
limón-coastal-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-ah.
san-andrés + providencia-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-ai.
colón-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-aj.
rio-abajo-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-ak.
bocas-del-toro-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-al.
cayman-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-am.
jamaican-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-an.
bahamian-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-ao.
turks + caicos-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-ap.
leeward-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-aq.
vincentian-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-ar.
bajan
Inner-unit
52-ABB-as.
grenadan-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-at.
tobagonian-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-au.
trinidadian
Inner-unit
52-ABB-av.
guyanese
Inner-unit
52-ABB-aw.
sranan-tongo
Inner-unit
52-ABB-ax.
saramacca-tongo
Inner-unit
52-ABB-ay.
ndjuka
Outer-unit
52-ABB-b.
Wes-kos
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ABB-ba.
aku
Inner-unit
52-ABB-bb.
krio
Inner-unit
52-ABB-bc.
kroo-english
Inner-unit
52-ABB-bd.
liberian-inland-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-be.
ghanaian-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-bf.
enpi
Inner-unit
52-ABB-bg.
kamtok
Outer-unit
52-ABB-c.
Oceanian-Anglo-Creole
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ABB-ca.
australian-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-cb.
torres-strait-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-cc.
tok-pisin-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-cd.
solomonic-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-ce.
bislama
Outer-unit
52-ABB-d.
Pacific-Creoles*
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ABB-da.
china-coast-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-db.
nauruan-creole *
Inner-unit
52-ABB-dc.
hawaiian-creole
Inner-unit
52-ABB-dd.
pitcairnese
Chain
52-AC.
FRYSK + DEUTSCH
+
-
Net
52-ACA.
FRYSK + FRASCH
+
-
Outer-unit
52-ACA-a.
Frysk-L.
Outer-unit
52-ACA-b.
Frysk-W.
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ACA-ba.
frysk-F.
Inner-unit
52-ACA-bb.
land-frysk
Inner-unit
52-ACA-bc.
terschelling-W.
Inner-unit
52-ACA-bd.
terschelling-E.
Inner-unit
52-ACA-be.
schiermonnikoog
Outer-unit
52-ACA-c.
Frysk-E.
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ACA-ca.
seeltersk
Inner-unit
52-ACA-cb.
wangeroogsk
Outer-unit
52-ACA-d.
Frysk-NW.
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ACA-da.
sölring
Inner-unit
52-ACA-db.
öömrang + fering
Outer-unit
52-ACA-e.
Frasch
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ACA-ea.
wieding + mooring
Inner-unit
52-ACA-eb.
pellworm + nordstrand
Net
52-ACB.
DEUTSCH + NEDERLANDS
+
-
Outer-unit
52-ACB-a.
Nederlands + Vlaams
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ACB-aa.
nederlands-L.
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ab.
algemeen-nederlands
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ac.
hollands
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ad.
vries-hollands
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ae.
utrechts + alblasserwaards
Inner-unit
52-ACB-af.
zeeuws + westhoeks
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ag.
westvlaemsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ah.
oostvlaandersch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ai.
brussels
Inner-unit
52-ACB-aj.
antwerps
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ak.
brabants
Inner-unit
52-ACB-al.
westplatt
Inner-unit
52-ACB-am.
zuidgeldersch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-an.
pella-dutch
Outer-unit
52-ACB-b.
Afrikaans + Creool
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ba.
afrikaans + kaaps
Inner-unit
52-ACB-bb.
oorlans
Inner-unit
52-ACB-bc.
negerhollands
Inner-unit
52-ACB-bd.
berbice
Inner-unit
52-ACB-be.
skepi
Outer-unit
52-ACB-c.
Deutsch-N.
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ca.
mittel-niederdeutsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-cb.
sächsisch-N.
Inner-unit
52-ACB-cc.
mecklenburgisch + pommersch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-cd.
ijssels
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ce.
westfälisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-cf.
ostfälisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-cg.
mark-brandenburgisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ch.
hinterpommersch + westpreussisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ci.
ostpreussisch
Outer-unit
52-ACB-d.
Deutsch-C.
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ACB-da.
ripwarisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-db.
letzebürgesch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-dc.
moselfränkisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-dd.
lothringisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-de.
westpfälzisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-df.
vorderpfälzisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-dg.
nordbadisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-dh.
hessisch + nassauisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-di.
niederhessisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-dj.
ostfränkisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-dk.
thüringisch + obersächsisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-dl.
hochdeutsch-F.
Inner-unit
52-ACB-dm.
hochdeutsch-G.
Inner-unit
52-ACB-dn.
berlin- brandenburgisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-do.
ostmitteldeutsch
Outer-unit
52-ACB-e.
Deutsch-S.
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ea.
bayrisch-N.
Inner-unit
52-ACB-eb.
donau-bayrisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ec.
donau-österreichisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ed.
steirisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ee.
kärntnerisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ef.
karnisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-eg.
zimbrisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-eh.
südtirolisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ei.
tirolisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ej.
schwäbisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ek.
badisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-el.
elsässer-ditsch
Outer-unit
52-ACB-f.
Schwytzertütsch
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ACB-fa.
schwytzertütsch-G.
Inner-unit
52-ACB-fb.
basel-dytsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-fc.
bärn-dütsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-fd.
walserisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-fe.
luzern-tütsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ff.
schwyzer-tütsch-A.
Inner-unit
52-ACB-fg.
züri-tüütsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-fh.
glarnertütsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-fi.
bündner-deutsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-fj.
schweizerisch-NE.
Inner-unit
52-ACB-fk.
vorarlbergisch + liechtensteinisch
Outer-unit
52-ACB-g.
Yiddish
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ga.
yiddish-W.
Inner-unit
52-ACB-gb.
yiddish-E.
Outer-unit
52-ACB-h.
Auswanderungs-deutsch
+
-
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ha.
siebenbürger-sächsisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hb.
zipfer-sächsisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hc.
hutterer-deutsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hd.
mennoniten-plaut
Inner-unit
52-ACB-he.
pennsylvanisch-dietsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hf.
esserisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hg.
galizisch-pfälzisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hh.
banater-schwäbisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hi.
oberwischauisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hj.
sathmarisch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hk.
bukowina-deutsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hl.
schwarzmeer-deutsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hm.
wolga-deutsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hn.
mittelasiatisches-deutsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ho.
argentinien-schwyzertütsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hp.
brazilinien-deutsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hq.
lagunen-deutsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hr.
texasdeutsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hs.
amana-deutsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-ht.
natalerdeutsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hu.
unser-deutsch
Inner-unit
52-ACB-hv.
templer-schwäbisch
Outer-unit
52-ACB-i.
Yenish
Chain
52-AD.
'GOTHIC'
+
-
Net
52-ADA.
'GOTHIC'
+
-
Outer-unit
52-ADA-a.
'Crimean-Gothic'
52-A. NORSK + FRYSK
Set
GERMANIC,.
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